Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease causing cartilage breakdown, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It commonly affects the knees, hips, hands, and spine. Risk factors include aging, obesity, joint injuries, and genetics. Symptoms worsen over time and include joint swelling, reduced flexibility, and creaking sounds. Physiotherapy is key in managing OA through strength training, stretching, and low-impact exercises like swimming and cycling. Weight management reduces joint stress, while braces or orthotics provide support. Pain relief measures include heat therapy, cold packs, and anti-inflammatory medications. Severe cases may require injections or joint replacement surgery. Regular exercise and lifestyle modifications significantly improve joint function and reduce discomfort.