Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by reduced bone density and increased fracture risk. It is more common in postmenopausal women, older adults, and individuals with calcium or vitamin D deficiencies. Symptoms include back pain, stooped posture, and fractures from minor falls. Prevention and management involve weight-bearing exercises like walking, resistance training, and balance exercises to strengthen bones and muscles. Physiotherapy helps improve posture, flexibility, and fall prevention strategies. Dietary modifications include adequate calcium, vitamin D, and protein intake. Medications such as bisphosphonates slow bone loss. Lifestyle changes like quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, and staying active enhance bone health. Early diagnosis through bone density tests and preventive care reduces the risk of severe fractures.