Vaginismus

Vaginismus is a condition where involuntary muscle spasms in the pelvic floor make vaginal penetration painful or impossible. It can be caused by anxiety, past trauma, infections, hormonal changes, or psychological factors. Symptoms include burning pain, discomfort, and involuntary tightening of the vaginal muscles during intercourse or medical examinations. Physiotherapy plays a key role in treatment by helping to relax and strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. Techniques include Kegel exercises, vaginal dilators, relaxation training, and breathing exercises. Psychological support, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and desensitization techniques help address underlying fears and anxieties. Partner communication and gradual exposure therapy contribute to overcoming the condition. A holistic approach combining medical, physiotherapeutic, and psychological interventions ensures effective management and recovery.